2024-09-2

Explained: the history of progress in tackling antimicrobial resistance ​(AMR) 

Global collaboration

• Transatlantic Taskforce on Antimicrobial Resistance
  • In 2009, Canada, Norway, the EU, the UK and the US
  • Collaborate to strengthen efforts to address the urgent threat of drug-resistant infections
• One Health approach
  
  • In 2010, World Health Organization, Food and Agriculture Organization and World Organisation for Animal Health
  • In 2022, the Tripartite became the Quadripartite with the addition of a new member, the United Nations Environment Programme
    
  • Joint Tripartite to support the global response to AMR
  • The connections between the health of humans, animals and our environment
  • Governments and experts across sectors around the world to respond together to health threats
  • Key for AMR because of the speed and scale at which drug-resistant infections can spread

Action plan 

• 2015 World Health Assembly launched a global action plan on AMR which led to the introduction of national action plans
  
  • Governments declaring new ambitions and renewing existing ones to tackle AMR
  • Today, 178 countries have adopted an action plan

Surveillance

• Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS)
  • In 2015, the WHO launched the first global surveillance initiative, As of February 2024, 137 countries participated in GLASS
  • Provides a standardised process for countries to share country level AMR data
  • However, data gaps in many low-income settings, where the highest burden of AMR exists
    
• A Clinically Oriented Antimicrobial Resistance Network (ACORN)
  • Gathers clinical data on AMR from nine countries in Africa and Asia
  • Focus on the use of data to inform patient treatment and improve outcomes
    
  • Follows data collection recommendations from GLASS for improving patient care and interventions for all

Research and development ​(R&D)

• Address the rising threat of drug-resistant bacteria through accelerating innovation in antibiotics, diagnostics and vaccines R&D
  • Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership (GARDP)
    
  • Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Biopharmaceutical Accelerator (CARB-X)
    
  • AMR Action Fund
    
• Research partnerships across low-, middle- and high-income settings to minimise the global impact of AMR
  
  • Centres for Antimicrobial Optimisation Network (CAMO-Net) 

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